Is a lecturer at the School of Social Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM). He was a US Government International Visitor Leadership Program participant; one of the ASEAN – Republic Of Korea Academic Exchange Fellowship recipients; Sumitomo Foundation, Japan fellowship recipient; JASSO fellowship; and Japan Foundation fellowship recipient; Visiting fellow at University of Tokyo, Seoul National University and SungKyunKwan University, South Korea. He was one of the Executive Committee in Asia-Pacific Sociological Association (APSA); member of International Political Science Association (IPSA); and member of International Sociological Association (ISA). He was also the Principal Consultant/Researcher who formulated policies named as KAMI@Keluarga Malaysia Unity Plan 2021-2025 and Malaysian Indian Action Plan (PTMI) 2022-2027, both under Ministry of Unity, Malaysia. Currently, he is USM Senate member; former Director for Centre of Managing Disaster (Nerve Centre) USM; and was a Deputy Dean at School of Social Sciences, USM.